Remediating and redeveloping polluted, industrialized land has emerged as a significant urban growth strategy in U.S. cities since the 1990s. In the same historical moment, the U.S. military has sought to close and transfer hundreds of military bases to cities - part of a process of "shutting down the Cold War". In California, many of these urban military bases were once destinations for African Americans leaving the Jim Crow south during World War II. In the postwar decades, many of the neighborhoods surrounding these military bases have struggled with multiple forms of racism and urban neglect, including health inequalities from toxic urban environments. This study examines the articulation of waste, race, and space in the Bayview-Hunters Point neighborhood of southeast San Francisco, which surrounds the Hunters Point Naval Shipyard. Once a space of hope and opportunity for black migrants from the south, the shipyard today is understood as an unhealthy, threatening, and sometimes violent site for many long-time Bayview-Hunters Point residents. At the same time, since the 1990s, the shipyard has emerged as a profitable landscape for developers, banks, environmental engineering firms, and a terrain on which social groups in San Francisco imagine and struggle over the future of the city. Through five empirical chapters, I examine the cultural politics of polluted urban land in Bayview-Hunters Point today, focusing on the Hunters Point Shipyard and its neighboring industrial waterfront. At the analytical level, I argue that focusing on the materialities and social relations of waste offers a critical lens onto the urban process.

This paper describes a method for measuring nonuniform thermal environments using a new thermal manikin with controlled skin surface temperature. The manikin and its control logic are described, and an equivalent temperature based on the thermal manikin (teq) is proposed and discussed. A method to calculate the PMV index from manikin heat loss is also given.

To calibrate these methods, fundamental data were collected. The manikin-based equivalent temperature (teq) is shown to be effective at accounting for the effects of local heat sources and asymmetrical environmental conditions.

The specific objective of this study is to assess traveler behavior impacts of Advanced Traveler Information Systems (ATIS) technologies and the consequent system impacts at highway bottlenecks caused by incidents and recurring congestion. This research is based on earlier work regarding impacts of congestion on traveler behavior and system performance in the presence of information. In this paper, the authors enhance the previous work and develop a richer and more comprehensive approach for evaluating ATIS technologies. The unique features of this study are: 1) integration of traveler behavior and system performance in the context of ATIS. It is based upon a dynamic network performance model (queuing) that incorporates a behavioral model responsive to traffic information; 2) exploration of unsaturated and over-saturated conditions; and, 3) the possibility of congesting alternate routes as well as the issue of user equilibrium.