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Nanochannel electrodes facilitating interfacial transport for PEM water electrolysis

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https://www.cell.com/joule/fulltext/S2542-4351(24)00253-8
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Creative Commons 'BY-NC-ND' version 4.0 license
Abstract

Proton-exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) are a promising technology for green hydrogen production; however, interfacial transport behaviors are poorly understood, hindering device performance and longevity. Here, we first utilized finite-gap electrolyzer to demonstrate the possibility of proton transfer through water in PEMWEs. The measured high-frequency resistances (HFRs) exhibit a linear trend with increasing gap distance, where extrapolation shows a lower value compared with HFRs in regular zero-gap electrolyzers, indicating that ohmic resistance could be further reduced. We introduce nanochannels to facilitate mass transport, as evidenced by both liquid-fed and vapor-fed electrolysis. Nanochannel electrodes achieve a voltage reduction of 190 mV at 9 A·cm−2 compared with the Ir-PTEs without nanochannels. Furthermore, nanochannel electrodes show negligible degradation through 100,000 accelerated-stress tests and over 2,000 h of operation at 1.8 A·cm−2 with a decay rate of 11.66 μV·h−1. These results provide new insights into localized transport dynamics for PEMWEs and highlight the significance of interfacial engineering for electrochemical devices.

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