International Journal of Comparative Psychology

Spontaneous looking preferences were assessed in six zoo-housed orangutans. Orangutans were presented with two photographs simultaneously on two identical laptop computers. Preference was measured by calculating the relative looking time for photographs from each stimulus category, over three studies. Orangutans exhibited moderate interest in looking at photographs, with four orangutans participating in Study 1 and Study 2, and six orangutans participating in Study 3. The results of Study 1 showed that orangutans preferred photographs of unfamiliar orangutans over unfamiliar humans. Study 2 results showed that orangutans preferred photographs of familiar orangutans over unfamiliar orangutans. In Study 3, preferences were assessed using photographs of the nine members of the participants’ own orangutan social group. Orangutans preferred photographs of adults over infants, and males over females. Similar studies have reported varied preferences, and we propose that variation is a result of complex demographic and social factors.