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Simpler structure for more informative words: a longitudinal study
Abstract
As new concepts and discoveries accumulate over time, theamount of information available to speakers increases as well.One would expect that an utterance today would be more in-formative than an utterance 100 years ago (basing informationon surprisal; Shannon, 1948), given the increase in technol-ogy and scientific discoveries. This prediction, however, is atodds with recent theories regarding information in human lan-guage use, which suggest that speakers maintain a somewhatconstant information rate over time. Using the Google Ngramcorpus (Michel et al., 2011), we show for multiple languagesthat changes in lexical information (a unigram model) are actu-ally negatively correlated with changes in structural informa-tion (a trigram model), supporting recent proposals on infor-mation theoretic constraints.
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