UCLA Radiological Sciences Proceedings

Humeral avulsion of the glenohumeral ligament (HAGL) is defined as a disruption of the fibers of the inferior glenohumeral ligament at its humeral insertion. It is a relatively rare but important entity, given its diagnostic and clinical implications and growing debate around the treatment of adolescent patients particularly those who participate in sports. While well described in the orthopedic literature, HAGL has not been often discussed in the radiology literature. This case report presents classic imaging characteristics of HAGL in an adolescent football player. In addition, this case report addresses the epidemiology, the causes, the subtypes, and some aspects of treatment of HAGL.

Ketamine in subanesthetic doses became popular as a recreational drug for its strong, quickly achievable antidepressant effect and short-acting, well-tolerated psychotomimetic (hallucinogenic and dissociative) effect. Numerous cases of genitourinary system dysfunction associated with ketamine use have been reported. We describe a case of ketamine-use-related symptoms of genitourinary system dysfunction in a 23-year-old man who was found to have acute cystitis and a history of using ketamine. We also discuss the epidemiology, the clinical presentation, and some aspects of treatment of ketamine-associated urinary tract dysfunction. In patients with lower urinary tract symptoms of uropathy and a history of ketamine use, the possibility of ketamine-induced uropathy should be included in the differential diagnosis. Further studies are necessary to help delineate guidelines for both diagnosis and management of ketamine-induced lower urinary tract dysfunction.